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trench warfare
Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of trenches, in which troops are significantly protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery. The most famous use of trench warfare is the Western Front in World War I. It has become a byword for stalemate, attrition, sieges and futility in conflict.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/trench%20warfare )〕
Trench warfare occurred when a revolution in firepower was not matched by similar advances in mobility, resulting in a grueling form of warfare in which the defender held the advantage.〔Nicholas Murray, ''The Rocky Road to the Great War: The Evolution of Trench Warfare to 1914'' (2013)〕 On the Western Front in 1914-1918, both sides constructed elaborate trench and dugout systems opposing each other along a front, protected from assault by barbed wire. The area between opposing trench lines (known as "no man's land") was fully exposed to artillery fire from both sides. Attacks, even if successful, often sustained severe casualties.
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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